Storing art work

To effectively store artwork, you need to think about environmental control, protective materials, and proper handling techniques.

Here’s a quick guide to ensure your pieces remain pristine for years to come:

• Temperature & Humidity Control: Aim for a stable environment, ideally 70°F 21°C and 50% relative humidity. Fluctuations are the enemy.
• Light Exposure: Keep artwork away from direct sunlight and strong artificial light. UV rays are detrimental.
• Protective Materials: Use acid-free, archival-quality materials. This means acid-free paper, tissue, folders, and boxes. Polyester sleeves Mylar D are also excellent for individual pieces.
• Flat vs. Rolled: For prints and paper-based art, storing them flat is almost always preferred. If rolling is absolutely necessary for temporary transport, use a wide-diameter, acid-free tube and interleave with archival tissue.
• Vertical Storage: For framed or canvas art, vertical storage in specially designed racks or bins is ideal, ensuring adequate air circulation and preventing pressure points.
• Handling: Always wash your hands or wear clean cotton gloves when handling artwork to prevent transferring oils and dirt. Hold prints by the edges.

Beyond these basics, understanding the nuances of different art types—like storing art prints flat versus how to store framed canvases—is crucial for long-term preservation.

Whether you’re dealing with storing kids artwork that holds sentimental value, or a valuable thrift store artwork find, the principles of protection remain consistent.

Proper artwork storage not only preserves the physical integrity of the piece but also its value and historical significance.

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How do you store artwork effectively? It’s a combination of knowledge, the right materials, and disciplined habits.

Understanding Environmental Control for Artwork Storage

Maintaining a stable environment is the cornerstone of effective artwork storage.

Fluctuations in temperature and humidity are among the most damaging factors, leading to deterioration of materials like paper, canvas, and paint.

Temperature and Humidity: The Silent Killers

Art conservators consistently emphasize the importance of a controlled climate. Optimal conditions for most artwork are 70°F 21°C and 50% relative humidity RH, with minimal fluctuation. Studies show that for every 10°C 18°F increase in temperature, the rate of chemical reactions including deterioration doubles. Similarly, high humidity fosters mold growth and insect activity, while low humidity can cause desiccation, cracking, and brittleness. A relative humidity range of 45-55% is often cited as the safe zone for mixed collections. For example, the National Archives recommends a stable 68°F 20°C and 45% RH for paper records, which aligns closely with fine art recommendations.

• Impact of High Humidity:
  • Mold and Mildew Growth: Spores thrive in environments above 65% RH, leading to irreversible staining and structural damage to paper, canvas, and wooden frames.
  • Swelling and Warping: Organic materials absorb moisture, causing canvases to slacken, paper to cockle, and wood to warp or crack.
  • Pest Infestations: High humidity attracts pests like silverfish and carpet beetles, which feed on paper and organic fibers.
• Impact of Low Humidity:
  • Brittleness and Cracking: Paper becomes brittle, paints can crack and flake, and wood can split due to desiccation.
  • Shrinkage: Materials contract, potentially leading to delamination or damage to adhesives.
• Temperature Fluctuations:
  • Expansion and Contraction: Rapid changes cause materials to expand and contract at different rates, leading to stress, cracking, and loss of adhesion. This is particularly damaging to multi-layered works like paintings.

Monitoring and Controlling Your Storage Environment

Investing in good monitoring equipment is not an extravagance. it’s a necessity.

• Hygrometers and Thermometers: Digital hygrometers are affordable and essential for continuously monitoring both temperature and relative humidity. Place them strategically within your storage area.
• Dehumidifiers and Humidifiers: If your environment consistently falls outside the optimal range, consider using a dehumidifier to lower high humidity or a humidifier to raise low humidity. Ensure these devices are properly maintained and cleaned to prevent bacterial growth.
• HVAC Systems: For larger collections or dedicated storage spaces, a professional HVAC system designed for climate control offers the most stable solution, providing consistent temperature and humidity levels. Some museums, for instance, maintain environments with less than a 2% RH fluctuation daily to preserve their most delicate works.

Selecting Archival-Quality Storage Materials

Using the right materials is non-negotiable for long-term preservation of artwork.

Standard commercial materials often contain acids or other unstable chemicals that can leach into artwork, causing discoloration, embrittlement, and overall deterioration over time.

The Importance of Acid-Free and Lignin-Free Materials

The term “acid-free” is critical in art storage.

Acid-free materials have a neutral pH around 7.0 and are often buffered with an alkaline reserve like calcium carbonate to counteract environmental acids.

Lignin, a naturally occurring polymer in wood pulp, breaks down over time to produce acids, making “lignin-free” equally important for paper-based products.

• Acid-Free Boxes and Folders:
  • Clamshell Boxes: Ideal for storing unframed prints, photographs, and documents flat. They offer rigidity and protection from light and dust. Sizes range from small photo boxes to large print storage boxes.
  • Flat Files/Map Cabinets: For extensive collections of flat artwork or storing art prints flat, these specialized cabinets provide compartmentalized, horizontal storage, preventing bending or creasing. They are typically made of metal with a powder-coat finish to prevent off-gassing.
  • Folders and Envelopes: Use acid-free paper or board folders to separate individual pieces within a box or drawer, providing an extra layer of protection and preventing abrasion.
• Interleaving Materials:
  • Acid-Free Tissue Paper: Essential for separating unframed prints, drawings, and pastels to prevent smudging, transfer, and abrasion. Look for unbuffered acid-free tissue for photographic materials and blueprints, and buffered for general paper art.
  • Polyester Film Mylar D or аналогичная: This inert, transparent material often 3-4 mil thickness is excellent for individual encapsulation of delicate prints or documents. It provides physical protection without chemical interaction and allows for easy viewing. It’s also durable and tear-resistant.
• Glassine vs. Mylar:
  • Glassine: While often sold as an archival material, glassine a smooth, translucent paper is not recommended for long-term storage as it can yellow and become brittle over time, potentially sticking to the artwork in humid conditions. It is permeable to environmental pollutants.
  • Mylar Polyester Film: As mentioned, Mylar D is a stable, inert, and non-reactive material. It is clear, strong, and provides excellent protection against moisture and environmental pollutants. For example, major institutions like the Library of Congress widely utilize polyester film for encapsulating and protecting their valuable paper collections.

What to Avoid

• Commercial Cardboard Boxes: Most cardboard contains lignin and acid, which will migrate into your artwork, causing yellowing and embrittlement.
• Brown Paper Bags or Newspaper: Highly acidic and will rapidly damage artwork.
• PVC Plastic Sleeves: These often contain plasticizers that can off-gas and damage inks and paper over time, making them unsuitable for long-term storage. Look for polypropylene or polyester instead.
• Rubber Bands or Adhesive Tapes: These will degrade, become sticky, and stain artwork permanently.
• Wood Furniture Untreated: Untreated wood off-gasses acids and other volatile organic compounds VOCs that can be highly detrimental to artwork. If storing in wooden furniture, ensure it is properly sealed with an archival barrier or use archival enclosures for the art.

Proper Handling and Packaging Techniques

Even with the best storage environment and materials, improper handling can lead to irreparable damage. Treat every piece of artwork as if it’s priceless. often, it is.

The Fundamentals of Handling

• Cleanliness is Key: Always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before touching artwork. Oils and dirt from your skin can leave permanent marks or accelerate deterioration. For delicate or porous surfaces like photographic prints or unvarnished paintings, wear clean, white cotton gloves.
• Support the Entire Work: Never pick up a print or large photograph by one corner. Always support it from underneath with both hands, or use an archival board as a rigid support. For canvases, handle by the stretcher bars, not the canvas surface itself.
• Minimize Contact: Try to touch the artwork as little as possible. If moving a framed piece, hold it by the frame, not the glass or the artwork surface.
• Work on a Clean, Flat Surface: Before unwrapping or re-packaging artwork, clear a clean, flat, and stable surface. This prevents accidental drops or creases.

Packaging for Storage and Transport

Proper packaging safeguards artwork during its dormant storage period and, crucially, during any necessary movement.

• For Storing Art Prints Flat:
  • Individual Sleeving: Each print should ideally be placed in an individual acid-free polyester sleeve Mylar D or an acid-free paper folder. This protects against abrasion and makes retrieval safer.
  • Stacking: Stack sleeved or folded prints horizontally in an acid-free clamshell box or flat file drawer. Ensure the box is not over-filled. this can cause bending or pressure damage. Use a rigid, acid-free board at the bottom of the stack for support.
  • Orientation: Store prints horizontally, never vertically in a stack, as this can cause bowing or creasing.
• For Rolled Art Temporary Only:
  • Acid-Free Tubes: If rolling is unavoidable e.g., for temporary transport or very large prints that cannot be stored flat, use a wide-diameter at least 4-6 inches acid-free tube. A larger diameter reduces stress on the paper fibers.
  • Interleaving: Interleave the print with acid-free tissue paper before rolling, image side facing out if possible though image side in is also common for transport. Roll loosely, never tightly.
  • Tube Caps: Securely cap both ends of the tube to prevent dust and light ingress. Label the tube clearly. Remember: flat storage is always preferred for long-term preservation.
• For Framed Artwork and Canvases:
  • Corner Protectors: Use foam or cardboard corner protectors to shield fragile frame corners during storage or transport.
  • Padding: Wrap framed pieces in breathable, archival materials like unbuffered cotton sheeting or Tyvek. Avoid bubble wrap directly against the frame or artwork, especially for long-term storage, as it can trap moisture or leave impressions. If using bubble wrap, place a layer of glassine or archival paper first.
  • Vertical Storage: For multiple framed pieces, store them vertically in specialized racks or bins. Use spacers or foam dividers between pieces to prevent them from rubbing against each other. This is a common method in museum storage, ensuring adequate air circulation and preventing pressure damage. For example, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam uses custom-built, padded racks for vertical storage of its large collection of paintings.
  • Glass Protection: If the artwork has glass, cover it with a protective sheet of cardboard or foam core taped to the frame to prevent damage from impact.
• Labeling and Inventory:
  • Clear Labeling: Label all storage boxes, folders, and wrapped items clearly with essential information artist, title, date, medium, dimensions, and location using archival-safe labels or permanent markers on the outside of the container.
  • Inventory System: Maintain a detailed inventory log, whether digital or physical, to track your collection. This helps with easy retrieval and avoids unnecessary handling.

Specific Considerations for Different Art Types

While general principles apply, various art mediums have unique vulnerabilities that demand specific storage strategies.

Paintings Oil, Acrylic, Watercolor

• Oil and Acrylic Paintings: These are generally more robust than watercolors or pastels but require attention to environmental stability to prevent cracking, flaking, or mold.
  • Framed: Store framed paintings vertically on racks, with adequate air circulation. Ensure the hanging wire or d-rings are strong enough if hanging.
  • Unframed Canvases: If unframed, store them vertically, face-to-face or back-to-back, with cardboard or foam core spacers in between to prevent abrasion. Never stack them flat directly on top of each other.
  • Varnishing: A proper varnish layer not only protects the paint surface but also offers a barrier against dust and minor environmental fluctuations. Re-varnishing should only be done by a professional conservator.
• Watercolor Paintings: Highly sensitive to light and moisture.
  • Framing: Always frame watercolors behind UV-filtering glass or acrylic with an acid-free mat and backing. This creates a microclimate and protects against light.
  • Storage: Store framed watercolors in a stable environment. Unframed watercolors should be stored flat in acid-free portfolios or flat files, interleaved with acid-free tissue. Minimize handling.

Prints and Photographs Paper-Based Artwork

Paper is particularly susceptible to acidity, light, and humidity.

Storing art prints flat is almost universally recommended for long-term preservation.

• Fine Art Prints Etchings, Lithographs, Serigraphs:
  • Flat Storage: Store flat in acid-free portfolios, clamshell boxes, or flat files, interleaved with unbuffered acid-free tissue.
  • Handling: Always wear cotton gloves when handling.
  • Light Sensitivity: Even indirect light can fade inks. Store in darkness when not on display.
• Photographs: Highly sensitive to chemical deterioration and fingerprints.
  • Archival Sleeves: Use individual archival polypropylene, polyester, or unbuffered paper sleeves for each photograph. Avoid PVC sleeves.
  • Acid-Free Boxes: Store sleeved photos vertically in acid-free photographic storage boxes.
  • Temperature: Cooler temperatures e.g., 65°F/18°C are even better for long-term photo preservation than typical room temperature, as chemical reactions slow down significantly. Humidity should remain stable at 30-50% RH.
  • Digital Backups: While physical preservation is key, always have high-resolution digital backups.

Works on Paper Drawings, Pastels, Charcoal

These mediums are incredibly fragile and prone to smudging and degradation.

• Pastels and Charcoal:
  • Fixative: While fixatives can protect the pigment, they can also slightly alter the color and texture. Consult a conservator for valuable pieces.
  • Interleaving: Use unbuffered acid-free tissue or glassine over the drawing surface, but never let glassine touch the surface directly for long-term storage as it can stick. A better alternative is to float a piece of archival foam core or mat board on top of the tissue-covered drawing within its enclosure to create a slight air gap.
  • Framing: When framed, ensure there is a generous mat to prevent the artwork from touching the glass.
• Drawings Graphite, Ink:
  • Flat Storage: Store flat in acid-free portfolios or flat files, interleaved with acid-free tissue.
  • Protection: Even graphite can smudge under pressure, so careful handling and separation are crucial.

Long-Term vs. Short-Term Storage Solutions

The duration of storage significantly impacts the strategies and materials you should employ.

What’s acceptable for a few weeks might be catastrophic for a few decades.

Short-Term Storage Less than 6 months

This applies to artwork that is frequently rotated, awaiting framing, or temporarily being moved.

• Minimalist Protection: For a few weeks, simple, clean solutions might suffice.
  • Cardboard Boxes New, Clean: While not archival, a new, sturdy cardboard box can temporarily protect from dust and minor physical damage. Line it with clean, acid-free paper if available.
  • Clean Sheets/Blankets: For framed pieces, wrapping in clean, soft cotton sheets or blankets can offer basic physical protection during a move or very short-term storage.
  • Climate Consistency: Even short-term, avoid direct sunlight, excessive heat, or extreme humidity. Don’t store in attics, basements, or garages.
• Immediate Framing: If a print or drawing is destined for framing, the best short-term strategy is to get it framed professionally as soon as possible with archival materials UV-filtering glass, acid-free mat and backing.

Long-Term Storage 6 months to indefinite

This is where true archival practices become paramount.

The goal is to create a stable, protected environment that minimizes deterioration over decades or even centuries.

• Dedicated Storage Space: Ideally, a dedicated room or closet that is climate-controlled, dark, and clean. This is often the biggest challenge for private collectors.
  • Avoid Problem Areas: Attics, basements, and garages are almost universally unsuitable for long-term art storage due to extreme temperature swings, humidity fluctuations, and pest infestations. Basements are particularly prone to flooding and mold, while attics experience intense heat in summer and cold in winter. A study by the American Institute for Conservation highlighted that environmental fluctuations in residential attics and basements can reduce the lifespan of paper by up to 70% compared to stable conditions.
  • Interior Closets: An interior closet away from exterior walls, windows, and heating vents is often the best compromise in a residential setting.
• Archival Materials: As discussed in Section 2, use only acid-free and lignin-free materials for all direct contact with the artwork.
  • Flat Files/Map Cabinets: For serious collectors of paper-based art, investing in flat files is highly recommended. They provide organized, secure, and flat storage, preventing bending or creasing.
  • Museum-Grade Storage Boxes: High-quality, buffered acid-free boxes offer excellent protection against light, dust, and environmental pollutants.
• Pest Control: Long-term storage necessitates vigilance against pests.
  • Cleanliness: Regularly clean the storage area to remove dust and potential food sources.
  • Sealed Containers: Use sealed archival boxes that pests cannot easily penetrate.
  • Avoid Food/Drink: Never store food or drink in the vicinity of your artwork.
  • Integrated Pest Management IPM: For larger collections, consider passive pest monitoring traps e.g., sticky traps to detect infestations early. Avoid pesticides directly near artwork.
• Security: For valuable pieces, consider security measures for long-term storage, such as locked doors, alarm systems, or even professional art storage facilities.

Storing Kids’ Artwork and Sentimental Pieces

While the same archival principles apply to all artwork, storing kids artwork or other highly sentimental pieces often requires a balance between rigorous preservation and practical accessibility.

These pieces may not have monetary value, but their emotional worth is immeasurable.

Prioritizing and Curating

You don’t need to save every single crayon drawing. A crucial first step is to curate.

• Select the Best: Choose pieces that are truly significant, represent milestones, or are artistically noteworthy.
• Digital Archiving: Before storing, consider taking high-resolution photographs or scanning all artwork, including the ones you decide not to keep physically. This creates a permanent digital archive, allows for easy sharing, and can be printed later if desired. Services like Artkive specialize in this. In 2023, the global digital asset management market was valued at over $5 billion, highlighting the increasing importance of digital archiving across various domains.

Practical Storage Solutions for Sentimental Art

• Acid-Free Portfolio Boxes: These are excellent for storing kids art prints flat. They come in various sizes, allowing you to store larger pieces without folding or rolling.
  • Organization: Label each box by year or child’s name for easy retrieval.
  • Interleaving: Use acid-free tissue paper between each piece to prevent smudging and transfer.
• Archival Scrapbooks or Binders: For smaller pieces, photos, or particularly fragile drawings, acid-free scrapbooks or binders with archival page protectors can be effective.
  • Photo Corners: Use archival photo corners to secure pieces without adhesive.
• Framing Select Pieces: Frame a few cherished pieces using archival materials UV-filtering glass, acid-free mat and rotate them on display. This celebrates the art while protecting it.
• Clear Plastic Bins with caution: If archival boxes are too expensive or not readily available, clear plastic storage bins can be a temporary solution for kids’ artwork. However, ensure they are made of polypropylene PP and not PVC, which can off-gas harmful chemicals. Also, make sure they are not airtight, as some air circulation is good, but protect from excessive dust. Line them with acid-free paper.
• Vertical Dividers: For larger pieces, use sturdy cardboard dividers within a large storage bin or closet to keep artwork upright and prevent bending.

Tips for Longevity of Kids’ Art

• Educate Children: Teach children to use artist-quality materials acid-free paper, lightfast crayons/pencils when possible, especially for “keeper” pieces.
• Avoid Lamination: While tempting for durability, lamination can trap moisture, off-gas chemicals, and make future conservation impossible. It’s generally not recommended for long-term preservation of original artwork.
• Date and Sign: Encourage children to date and sign their artwork. This adds to its historical value and makes it easier to organize later.
• Display Wisely: If displaying kids’ artwork, choose spots away from direct sunlight or humid areas like bathrooms or kitchens. Rotate pieces to minimize light exposure.

Thrift Store Artwork: Assessing and Storing Your Finds

Thrift store artwork can be a treasure trove, offering unique pieces at budget-friendly prices.

However, these finds often come with unknown histories and potential preservation challenges. Proper storage begins with a thorough assessment.

Initial Assessment of Thrift Store Finds

Before integrating any thrift store artwork into your collection, perform a “quarantine” and assessment.

• Pest Inspection: This is paramount. Look for signs of insects e.g., silverfish, carpet beetles, dust mites, mold, or mildew. Check the back of frames, stretcher bars, and beneath any paper backing. If you find active infestations, isolate the piece immediately. For persistent issues, freezing carefully wrapped to prevent condensation or professional pest extermination for non-toxic methods may be necessary. For example, some museums use anoxic environments low oxygen for pest eradication, which is a safer alternative to chemical fumigation.
• Structural Integrity:
  • Frames: Check for loose joints, cracks, or damage.
  • Canvases: Look for tears, punctures, sagging, or brittle paint.
  • Paper: Inspect for tears, creases, stains especially watermarks or foxing – reddish-brown spots from mold/iron impurities, yellowing, or brittleness.
• Environmental Damage Indicators:
  • Fading: Signifies significant light exposure.
  • Warping/Cockling: Indicates exposure to humidity fluctuations.
  • Smell: Musty odors suggest mold or mildew. A strong chemical smell might indicate previous poor restoration or unstable materials.

Cleaning and Preparation for Storage

Once assessed and deemed free of pests, basic cleaning might be appropriate.

• Dusting: Gently dust framed artwork with a soft, clean brush or a lint-free cloth. For canvases, use a soft, dry brush. Never use water or cleaning solutions directly on the artwork itself unless you are a trained conservator.
• Backing Removal Optional but Recommended: Often, thrift store frames have old, acidic paper backing. Carefully remove this. It allows for better air circulation and reveals the condition of the stretcher bars or original paper. Replace with acid-free foam core or corrugated plastic if re-backing.
• Replacing Hardware: Inspect hanging wire and D-rings. Replace any rusted, bent, or weak hardware.
• Re-framing or Re-matting: If the piece is valuable or sentimental, consider professional re-framing with archival materials UV-filtering glass, acid-free mat and backing. This is especially true for paper-based art or how to store art prints found at a thrift store.

Storage Recommendations for Thrift Store Finds

Apply the same long-term storage principles:

• Climate Control: Store in a stable environment, avoiding attics, basements, and garages.
• Protective Materials: Use acid-free boxes, folders, and interleaving.
• Flat Storage for Prints: For thrift store art prints, always store them flat in acid-free portfolios or boxes.
• Vertical Storage for Framed Art: Store framed pieces vertically, using spacers between them.
• Documentation: Document your find with photos, details about the artist if known, and any conservation steps taken. This helps track the item’s history.

Remember, a thrift store find might be a diamond in the rough, but its longevity depends heavily on how you treat and store it.

Professional Art Storage Facilities and Services

For valuable collections, large artworks, or simply for peace of mind, professional art storage facilities offer a level of environmental control, security, and expertise that is difficult to replicate at home.

When to Consider Professional Storage

• High Value Collection: If your collection is insured for a significant amount, the cost of professional storage can be a worthwhile investment.
• Large or Numerous Artworks: When you lack adequate space for proper home storage, or have very large pieces that are difficult to accommodate.
• Climate Control Needs: If your home environment is unstable or you live in an area with extreme climate fluctuations, a professional facility provides consistent, museum-quality conditions.
• Long-Term Absence: If you plan to be away from your home for an extended period.
• Expert Handling and Services: Professional facilities often offer crating, shipping, and conservation services.

What to Look for in a Professional Art Storage Facility

Not all storage units are created equal.

Look for facilities specifically designed for fine art.

• Climate Control: This is non-negotiable. The facility should maintain precise temperature and humidity levels e.g., 70°F ± 2°F and 50% RH ± 5% RH 24/7, with redundant systems in case of power failure. Ask for data logs or reports on their environmental conditions. A report from a leading art storage firm in 2022 indicated that their facilities maintained an average temperature fluctuation of less than 1.5°F and RH fluctuation of under 3% across their storage units.
• Security:
  • 24/7 Monitoring: Surveillance cameras, motion sensors, and security personnel.
  • Access Control: Strict access protocols, identity verification, and often escorted access.
  • Fire Suppression: Advanced fire suppression systems e.g., inert gas systems, rather than water sprinklers, for sensitive areas that won’t damage artwork.
  • Building Standards: A robust, purpose-built structure, away from flood plains or high-risk areas.
• Pest Management: An integrated pest management IPM program in place to prevent and monitor for infestations.
• Insurance: Ensure the facility has comprehensive insurance, and clarify what coverage is provided for your artwork while it is stored there. You may also need to inform your own art insurance provider.
• Handling Expertise: Staff should be trained in museum-standard art handling, packing, and crating.
• Customization: The ability to accommodate different types of artwork, from flat files for storing art prints flat to specialized racks for large sculptures or paintings.
• Cleanliness: The facility should be meticulously clean and dust-free.
• Transparency: A reputable facility will be transparent about their operations, allow site visits, and provide clear contracts.

Cost Considerations

Professional art storage is an investment.

Costs vary widely based on location, type of storage e.g., private vault vs. shared racks, size of the artwork, and additional services crating, transport, conservation. For example, storing a single painting might cost anywhere from $50-$200 per month, while a private room for a larger collection could be several thousand dollars monthly.

Balance the cost against the value of your artwork and the peace of mind.

Advanced Topics in Art Preservation

Beyond the basics, several advanced considerations can further safeguard your artwork, especially for valuable or delicate pieces.

Light Management and UV Filtration

Light, particularly ultraviolet UV radiation, is a leading cause of irreversible damage to artwork, leading to fading, discoloration, and embrittlement of materials.

• UV Protection:
  • UV-Filtering Glass/Acrylic: For framed artwork, always use glazing that filters out 97-99% of UV radiation. This is a standard for museums and galleries. Brands like Tru Vue offer various options e.g., Conservation Clear®, Museum Glass®.
  • Window Films: If your storage area or display space has windows, consider applying UV-filtering window films.
  • LED Lighting: Modern LED lights produce minimal UV and infrared radiation compared to incandescent or fluorescent bulbs, making them a safer choice for illuminating artwork.
• Light Levels and Exposure Times:
  • Recommended Lux Levels: Museums often limit light exposure. For highly light-sensitive materials e.g., textiles, watercolors, photographs, light levels are kept very low, around 50 lux about 5 foot-candles. Moderately sensitive materials oil paintings, prints can tolerate 150-200 lux, while robust materials stone, metal can handle higher levels.
  • Intermittent Exposure: The total amount of light exposure over time matters. For valuable pieces, consider displaying them only for limited periods and storing them in darkness otherwise. Rotating displayed artwork is an excellent practice.

Integrated Pest Management IPM

A holistic approach to preventing and controlling pests without relying heavily on harmful chemicals.

• Prevention:
  • Cleanliness: Regular cleaning of storage areas to eliminate food sources and debris.
  • Sealed Containers: Using tightly sealed archival boxes and containers prevents pest entry.
  • Inspect Incoming Items: Thoroughly inspect any new artwork or materials before introducing them to your main collection.
  • Environmental Control: Stable temperature and humidity deter many pests.
• Monitoring:
  • Sticky Traps: Place discreet sticky traps without pesticides around the storage area to monitor for common art pests like silverfish, carpet beetles, and cockroaches. Check them regularly.
  • Visual Inspection: Regularly inspect artwork and storage areas for signs of pest activity frass, webbing, holes, actual insects.
• Response: If pests are detected, identify the species and implement targeted, non-toxic controls e.g., freezing, anoxic treatment by a professional conservator.

Disaster Preparedness and Recovery

Despite all precautions, unforeseen events can occur. Having a plan is critical.

• Emergency Contact List: Keep a list of emergency contacts: local fire department, art conservator, insurance agent, and trusted art movers.
• Emergency Kit: Assemble a basic kit for immediate response:
  • Clean gloves cotton and nitrile
  • Plastic sheeting/tarps
  • Absorbent materials paper towels, old towels
  • Flashlights
  • Camera for documentation
  • Markers and labels
  • Acid-free boxes/containers for temporary safe relocation.
• Location Awareness: Know the location of main water shut-off valves and electrical panels in your storage area.
• Flood Prevention: Do not store artwork directly on the floor. Use pallets or shelving to raise items at least 4-6 inches.
• Fire Prevention: Ensure smoke detectors are functioning and serviced. Avoid storing flammable materials near artwork.
• Insurance: Have adequate art insurance coverage that understands the unique nature of fine art and includes provisions for conservation and restoration in case of damage. Review your policy annually. According to reports from the art insurance sector, damages from water and fire continue to be leading causes of loss for private collections, underscoring the need for robust preparedness.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best way to store unframed art prints flat?

The best way to store unframed art prints flat is to place each print in an individual acid-free polyester sleeve Mylar D or an acid-free paper folder, and then store them horizontally in an acid-free clamshell box or a flat file cabinet.

This method prevents bending, creasing, and abrasion, while protecting against environmental pollutants and light.

Can I store artwork in my basement or attic?

No, it is generally not recommended to store artwork in basements or attics.

These areas typically experience significant fluctuations in temperature and humidity, which can lead to mold, pest infestations, cracking, warping, and fading of artwork over time.

Basements are prone to flooding, and attics can reach extreme temperatures. Design app download

How do you store artwork to prevent mold?

To prevent mold, store artwork in a stable environment with controlled humidity, ideally between 45-55% relative humidity RH. Ensure good air circulation, avoid airtight containers that trap moisture, and keep the storage area clean and free of dust and organic debris. Inspect pieces regularly for any signs of mold.

What materials are safe for storing art prints?

Safe materials for storing art prints include acid-free and lignin-free paper, tissue, folders, and boxes.

Polyester film Mylar D sleeves are also highly recommended.

Avoid acidic materials like standard cardboard, newspaper, and PVC plastic sleeves, which can damage prints over time.

How do you store large pieces of art?

Large pieces of art, especially framed paintings or canvases, should ideally be stored vertically on specialized art racks or in sturdy bins with dividers to prevent them from leaning or rubbing against each other. Ensure adequate space for air circulation. Edit your photos

For large unframed prints, flat files are the best option, but if unavailable, roll loosely in a wide-diameter, acid-free tube for very temporary storage only.

Is it okay to roll art prints for storage?

No, it is generally not okay to roll art prints for long-term storage.

Rolling can cause stress to paper fibers, leading to creases, cracks, and difficulty in flattening the print later. Flat storage is always preferred for preservation.

Rolling should only be considered as a temporary solution for transport, using a large-diameter acid-free tube.

How do museums store their artwork?

Museums store artwork in highly controlled environments, typically maintaining stable temperatures around 70°F or 21°C and relative humidity around 50% RH 24/7. They use specialized archival storage systems like flat files, vertical storage racks, and secure vaults, all made of inert, non-damaging materials. Get pdf file

Integrated pest management and advanced security systems are also standard.

Can I store artwork in bubble wrap?

Bubble wrap should not be placed directly against the surface of artwork, especially for long-term storage.

It can trap moisture, potentially leading to mold, and the plastic can off-gas or leave impressions on delicate surfaces.

If using bubble wrap for temporary transport, first wrap the artwork in a layer of archival paper or breathable cotton sheeting.

How do you store kid’s artwork?

To store kid’s artwork, first curate and select the most significant pieces. Digitize everything for a permanent record. Art for everybody

Store selected pieces flat in acid-free portfolio boxes or archival scrapbooks, interleaving with acid-free tissue paper.

Avoid lamination as it can damage the art long-term.

What is “archival quality” in art storage?

“Archival quality” refers to materials that are chemically stable, acid-free, and lignin-free, designed to not degrade or cause damage to artwork over long periods.

They are manufactured to meet specific preservation standards and typically have a neutral or slightly alkaline pH.

How does light affect artwork during storage?

Light, especially ultraviolet UV radiation, causes irreversible damage to artwork, leading to fading of colors, yellowing or embrittlement of paper, and deterioration of materials. Video making tools

Artwork should be stored in darkness or low light, and when displayed, protected by UV-filtering glass or acrylic.

Should I wear gloves when handling artwork?

Yes, you should wear clean, white cotton gloves when handling delicate artwork, especially unframed prints, photographs, or any porous surfaces.

This prevents the transfer of oils, dirt, and acids from your skin, which can leave permanent marks or accelerate degradation. For framed pieces, handle by the frame.

What is the ideal temperature and humidity for storing artwork?

The ideal temperature for most artwork is around 70°F 21°C, and the ideal relative humidity is around 50%. Consistency is key.

Fluctuations are more damaging than slightly suboptimal but stable conditions. Best digital design apps

Can I store framed artwork stacked on top of each other?

No, stacking framed artwork flat on top of each other is not recommended for long-term storage.

It can lead to pressure damage, abrasion, and uneven weight distribution, potentially causing bowing, cracking, or damage to the frame and glass. Vertical storage is preferred.

How do I protect artwork from pests during storage?

Protect artwork from pests by maintaining a clean storage area, using sealed archival containers, avoiding food and drink near art, and regularly inspecting for signs of infestation.

Integrated pest management IPM strategies, including sticky traps for monitoring, are crucial.

Is it safe to use silica gel in art storage?

Silica gel can be used to control humidity in small, enclosed art storage containers, but it must be used with caution and monitored. Too much desiccation can cause brittleness. Coreldraw new version free download

It’s best used in environments where precise humidity control is needed and the gel can be regularly checked and regenerated.

How do I store a painting without a frame?

To store a painting without a frame, especially an unframed canvas, store it vertically on a sturdy rack or propped against a wall, facing inward or with cardboard/foam core spacers between multiple pieces.

Avoid stacking them flat directly on top of each other to prevent pressure and abrasion.

What should I do if my artwork gets wet?

If your artwork gets wet, act immediately: Do not touch wet areas with bare hands.

Gently blot excess water with clean, absorbent paper towels. Coreldraw 2022 64 bit

Air dry the piece slowly in a stable, well-ventilated area, away from direct heat or sunlight.

For valuable or significantly wet pieces, contact a professional art conservator immediately for specialized drying and treatment.

Can I store artwork in a plastic bin?

You can use plastic bins for temporary storage, but ensure they are made of inert plastics like polypropylene PP and are not airtight, as some air circulation is beneficial.

Avoid PVC plastic bins, which can off-gas harmful chemicals.

For long-term storage, acid-free archival boxes are always superior. Cheap graphic design software

How often should I check on my stored artwork?

For long-term storage, it’s advisable to check on your stored artwork at least once or twice a year.

This allows you to monitor environmental conditions, inspect for any signs of pests, mold, or damage, and ensure the integrity of the storage materials.

For valuable pieces, more frequent checks might be warranted.

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